accommodative monetary policy
An accommodative monetary policy is an effort by the U.S. Federal Reserve Board or another central bank to stimulate its more... http://www.investorglossary.com/accommodative-monetary-policy.htm
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back door financing
Back door financing is a method used by U.S. government agencies to bypass congressional appropriations (the conventional way of obtaining more... http://www.investorglossary.com/back-door-financing.htm
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balanced budget
A balanced budget is a budget in which income equals expenditures. In other words, if a country takes in X more... http://www.investorglossary.com/balanced-budget.htm
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base interest rate
The base interest rate is the lowest interest rate that investors will accept for investing in a non-Treasury security. more... http://www.investorglossary.com/base-interest-rate.htm
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basis point
Yields on fixed-income securities fluctuate regularly, but may change only within hundredths of a percentage point. These small variations are more... http://www.investorglossary.com/basis-point.htm
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bear market
A bear market is a market in which prices decline against a background of widespread pessimism (the opposite of bull more... http://www.investorglossary.com/bear-market.htm
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Beige Book
The Beige Book is a "Summary of Commentary on Current Economic Conditions by Federal Reserve District," as its formal title more... http://www.investorglossary.com/beige-book.htm
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Board of Governors
A Board of Governors is the collective name given to the individuals who oversee the operation of an institution directly more... http://www.investorglossary.com/board-of-governors.htm
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boom
A boom refers to a rising financial market. Another term for boom would be a bull market. During a stock more... http://www.investorglossary.com/boom.htm
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buyer's market
A buyer's market is any market in which there are more sellers than there are buyers. The laws of supply more... http://www.investorglossary.com/buyer's-market.htm
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capacity utilization rate
The capacity utilization rate is the value of production capacity which is actually being utilized over a specific period of more... http://www.investorglossary.com/capacity-utilization-rate.htm
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capitalism
Capitalism is a market-driven economy, characterized by private ownership and use of resources owned for profit without restrictions. Individuals and more... http://www.investorglossary.com/capitalism.htm
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Central Bank
A central bank is fundamentally a chief bank of a given nation. The essential responsibilities of the central bank include more... http://www.investorglossary.com/central-bank.htm
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coincident indicator
A coincident indicator is an economic indicator that measures the current state of the economy of a nation. The coincident more... http://www.investorglossary.com/coincident-indicator.htm
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COLA
COLA, or cost-of-living adjustment, is an act of adjusting wages to create economic balance for the changes in the cost more... http://www.investorglossary.com/cola.htm
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command economy
A command economy, also called planned economy, is directly controlled by the government. The state owns all property and more... http://www.investorglossary.com/command-economy.htm
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confidence indicator
A confidence indicator gauges the optimism of a group of participants in an economy or a securities market. Perhaps the more... http://www.investorglossary.com/confidence-indicator.htm
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constant dollar GDP
Constant dollar GDP is gross domestic product adjusted for price changes. Gross domestic product is the total market value of more... http://www.investorglossary.com/constant-dollar-gdp.htm
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constant dollars
Constant dollars are dollars that have been adjusted for the impact of inflation, as opposed to current dollars, which are more... http://www.investorglossary.com/constant-dollars.htm
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consumer confidence
Consumer confidence is an attempt to measure the public's perception of the state of the economy. Consumer confidence readings more... http://www.investorglossary.com/consumer-confidence.htm
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consumer confidence index
The Consumer Confidence Index (CCI) gauges the level of optimism of Americans toward the U.S. economy. The Consumer Confidence Index more... http://www.investorglossary.com/consumer-confidence-index.htm
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Consumer Price Index
The Consumer Price Index, also known as the CPI, is released monthly by the US Department of Labor. It measures more... http://www.investorglossary.com/consumer-price-index.htm
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cost-of-living index
A cost-of-living index measures the changes of prices consumers pay for a fixed basket of goods and services over time. more... http://www.investorglossary.com/cost-of-living-index.htm
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countercyclical
A trend is countercyclical if it moves in the opposite direction of the business cycle. For instance, the US more... http://www.investorglossary.com/countercyclical.htm
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CPI
CPI is the common abbreviation for the Consumer Price Index, which measures the change in prices urban Americans pay for more... http://www.investorglossary.com/cpi.htm
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current dollars
Current dollars (also known as "nominal dollars") are dollars in the year they were actually received or paid, unadjusted for more... http://www.investorglossary.com/current-dollars.htm
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cycle
A cycle is a recurring pattern, usually wavelike. In business there are a few common patterns like this, such more... http://www.investorglossary.com/cycle.htm
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cyclical
When entire industries and the companies within them are characterized as cyclical or non-cyclical it is typically, but not always, more... http://www.investorglossary.com/cyclical.htm
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cyclical stock
A cyclical stock is one whose profits are highly correlated with the business cycle. When the economy is in expansion, more... http://www.investorglossary.com/cyclical-stock.htm
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deflation
Deflation is a broad decline in prices. Deflation occurs when the prevailing demand cannot absorb the supply of goods. Companies more... http://www.investorglossary.com/deflation.htm
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deflator
A deflator is used to convert current dollars into dollars that are adjusted for price changes. Because price levels change more... http://www.investorglossary.com/deflator.htm
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demand
Demand is an economic measure, which expresses a desire, as well as the ability to pay for goods and services. more... http://www.investorglossary.com/demand.htm
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demand elasticity
Demand elasticity, also known as price elasticity of demand, is a concept economists use to measure price sensitivity. In principle, more... http://www.investorglossary.com/demand-elasticity.htm
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depression
In economics, a severe and prolonged recession is sometimes called a depression. Unlike a recession, no standard definition of more... http://www.investorglossary.com/depression.htm
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deregulation
Deregulation is an act by which the government regulation of a particular industry is reduced or eliminated in order to more... http://www.investorglossary.com/deregulation.htm
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diminishing return
Diminishing return, or the law of diminishing return, is an economic tenet, which provides that adding additional units of productivity more... http://www.investorglossary.com/diminishing-return.htm
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disinflation
Disinflation occurs when the overall rate of inflation decreases over a given time period.
With inflation being an increase of the more... http://www.investorglossary.com/disinflation.htm
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downturn
A downturn is a worsening of business or economic activity. It may be related to a decline in a more... http://www.investorglossary.com/downturn.htm
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durable goods orders
The durable goods orders report is issued monthly by the Department of Commerce and measures the dollar volume of new more... http://www.investorglossary.com/durable-goods-orders.htm
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econometrics
Econometrics literally means “to measure economy”. Thus, econometrics is a statistical and mathematical modeling approach to the study of economics. more... http://www.investorglossary.com/econometrics.htm
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economic cycle
The economic cycle is the periodic fluctuation of the economy between periods of growth and contraction. The major phases of more... http://www.investorglossary.com/economic-cycle.htm
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economist
An economist is a professional in the field of economics, the social science that examines how individuals and societies use more... http://www.investorglossary.com/economist.htm
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Employment Cost Index
The Employment Cost Index, or ECI, is a quantitative measure of proliferation of wages and other employee compensation. The Employment more... http://www.investorglossary.com/employment-cost-index.htm
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Fed Chairman
The Fed Chairman is the Chairman of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, or Fed, the US more... http://www.investorglossary.com/fed-chairman.htm
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Federal Open Market Committee
The Federal Open Market Committee, or FOMC, is an arm of the Federal Reserve System, the US central bank. The more... http://www.investorglossary.com/federal-open-market-committee.htm
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Federal Reserve Bank
The Federal Reserve Bank is a federal entity that performs the operations of central bank. Along with twelve other more... http://www.investorglossary.com/federal-reserve-bank.htm
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Federal Reserve Board
The Federal Reserve Board is the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, or Fed, the US central bank. more... http://www.investorglossary.com/federal-reserve-board.htm
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Federal Reserve Discount Rate
The Federal Reserve discount rate is the interest rate charged by the Federal Reserve (the Fed) when commercial banks and more... http://www.investorglossary.com/federal-reserve-discount-rate.htm
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Federal Reserve requirement
The federal reserve requirement is the amount of liquid assets that Federal Reserve System banks must hold. The federal more... http://www.investorglossary.com/federal-reserve-requirement.htm
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Federal Reserve System
In the United States, the Federal Reserve System was established in 1913 by the Federal Reserve Act. The primary basis more... http://www.investorglossary.com/federal-reserve-system.htm
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GDP
In economics, GDP means Gross Domestic Product. GDP is defined as the value of all goods and services produced more... http://www.investorglossary.com/gdp.htm
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GDP implicit price deflator
The GDP implicit price deflator measures the level of price change in the U.S. economy. The GDP implicit price deflator more... http://www.investorglossary.com/gdp-implicit-price-deflator.htm
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Great Depression
The Great Depression was the longest and most severe business slump in U.S. history. The Great Depression began with the more... http://www.investorglossary.com/great-depression.htm
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hyperinflation
Hyperinflation is the extremely rapid escalation of prices (typically more than 50% per month) for goods and services. The more... http://www.investorglossary.com/hyperinflation.htm
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IMF
The IMF, or International Monetary Fund, was conceived at the Bretton Woods UN conference in July 1944. The purpose more... http://www.investorglossary.com/imf.htm
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index
An index is a hypothetical basket of securities or economic variables designed to track changes over time. The most common more... http://www.investorglossary.com/index.htm
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indicator
Indicators are used by market timers to try and divine future market action. There are three primary varieties of indicators; more... http://www.investorglossary.com/indicator.htm
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inefficient market
An inefficient market is one in which assets are underpriced or overpriced by market participants. According to the efficient more... http://www.investorglossary.com/inefficient-market.htm
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inflation
Inflation is a broad increase in prices. In practical terms, inflation means goods and services are being valued as more more... http://www.investorglossary.com/inflation.htm
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inflation rate
The inflation rate is the increase in prices for a basket of goods and services expressed on a yearly more... http://www.investorglossary.com/inflation-rate.htm
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invisible hand
Adam Smith coined the phrase invisible hand in his 1776 magnum opus, The Wealth of Nations. Usually stated more more... http://www.investorglossary.com/invisible-hand.htm
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Keynesian Economics
Keynesian economics, also called Keynesianism, is named for economist John Maynard Keynes. His 1936 book "General Theory of Employment, more... http://www.investorglossary.com/keynesian-economics.htm
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labor force
In macroeconomic statistics, the labor force is the sum of all employed and unemployed adults. The Bureau of Labor more... http://www.investorglossary.com/labor-force.htm
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lagging indicator
A lagging indicator is an economic statistic that changes after macroeconomic conditions have already changed. The lagging indicator is more... http://www.investorglossary.com/lagging-indicator.htm
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laissez-faire
Literally, laissez-faire is French for "let it be." More usefully, laissez-faire is a philosophy that favors government keeping its hands more... http://www.investorglossary.com/laissez-faire.htm
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leading indicator
A leading indicator is a statistic that predicts trends in the economy or a particular industry. For example, the number more... http://www.investorglossary.com/leading-indicator.htm
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M1
In the US, M1 is a narrow measure of the money supply. M1 is defined as all currency in more... http://www.investorglossary.com/m1.htm
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macroeconomics
Macroeconomics is the study of the behavior of the overall economy. Thus macroeconomics focuses on broad-based indicators of national economic more... http://www.investorglossary.com/macroeconomics.htm
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market economy
In political economics, a market economy is an economy where market forces set prices. The market economy is distinct more... http://www.investorglossary.com/market-economy.htm
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microeconomics
Microeconomics is the branch of economics that deals with individuals, companies, and industries. Microeconomics does not deal with performance of more... http://www.investorglossary.com/microeconomics.htm
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misery index
The misery index is the unemployment rate plus the inflation rate. Reflecting its unhappy name, however, the misery index is more... http://www.investorglossary.com/misery-index.htm
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monetary policy
Monetary policy is the management of a nation’s money supply to achieve economic goals by a central bank or currency more... http://www.investorglossary.com/monetary-policy.htm
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money supply
In macroeconomics, the money supply is the amount of money in use in an economy. There are multiple measures more... http://www.investorglossary.com/money-supply.htm
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multiplier effect
The multiplier effect describes how an increase in some economic activity starts a chain reaction that generates more activity than more... http://www.investorglossary.com/multiplier-effect.htm
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OECD
The OECD, or Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development is an international organization focused on economic and social issues. more... http://www.investorglossary.com/oecd.htm
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per capita income
Per capita income is the average income for each person in a particular group. Most commonly, per capita income is more... http://www.investorglossary.com/per-capita-income.htm
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Personal Consumption Expenditures
Personal consumption expenditures, also known as PCE, are all funds spent on goods and services intended for individual consumption or more... http://www.investorglossary.com/personal-consumption-expenditures.htm
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price index
A price index measures the changes over time in prices paid by consumers, producers, or some other group. The Consumer more... http://www.investorglossary.com/price-index.htm
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Producer Price Index
The Producer Price Index (PPI) comprises a group of indexes that measures price changes for goods and services at more... http://www.investorglossary.com/producer-price-index.htm
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real GDP
Real GDP is gross domestic product in constant dollars. In other words, real GDP is a nation's total output of more... http://www.investorglossary.com/real-gdp.htm
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unemployment
Unemployment describes the state of a worker who is able and willing to take work but cannot find it. As more... http://www.investorglossary.com/unemployment.htm
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vertical integration
In strategic management and microeconomics, vertical integration is the consolidation of upstream (suppliers) and/or downstream (customers) components of the value more... http://www.investorglossary.com/vertical-integration.htm
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World Bank
The World Bank is an international institution, owned by about 180 member countries, that provides financial and technical assistance to more... http://www.investorglossary.com/world-bank.htm
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World Trade Organization
The World Trade Organization (WTO) is an international body that seeks to foster free trade and resolve trade issues among more... http://www.investorglossary.com/world-trade-organization.htm
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year-over-year
Year-over-year is a term used frequently in investment research and other reports to mean "compared with the same period in more... http://www.investorglossary.com/year-over-year.htm
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